Galimoto yapakati pa radiator ya pulasitiki grille

Makina ozizira agalimoto
Pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa injini, mbali zozungulira chipinda choyaka moto (silinda liner, mutu wa silinda, ma valve, ndi zina zotero) ziyenera kukhazikika bwino.Pali mitundu itatu ya zida zozizira zama injini oyatsira mkati: kuziziritsa madzi, kuziziritsa mafuta ndi kuziziritsa mpweya.Chida choziziritsira injini yamagalimoto makamaka chimakhala choziziritsa madzi, chomwe chimatsitsidwa ndi madzi ozungulira munjira yamadzi ya silinda, chimalowetsa madzi otentha munjira yamadzi mu radiator (thanki yamadzi), ndikubwerera kunjira yamadzi pambuyo pozizira ndi mpweya.
Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti kuziziritsa, makina oziziritsira magalimoto nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi radiator (1), thermostat (2), mpope wamadzi (3), njira yamadzi ya silinda (4), njira yamadzi ya silinda (5), fan, ndi zina zambiri. Tengani galimotoyo mwachitsanzo, radiator ndi yomwe imapangitsa kuti madzi azizizira.Mipope yake yamadzi ndi zipsepse zambiri zimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu.Mipope yamadzi ya aluminiyamu imapangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe athyathyathya, ndipo zipsepsezo zimakhala ndi malata.Samalani ndi ntchito yochotsa kutentha.Mayendedwe oyika ndi perpendicular komwe kumayendera mpweya, kuti muchepetse kukana kwa mphepo ndikuwongolera kuzizira bwino.
Madzi ozizira mu radiator si madzi oyera, koma osakaniza madzi (ogwirizana ndi khalidwe la madzi akumwa), antifreeze (kawirikawiri ethylene glycol) ndi zosiyanasiyana zotetezera cholinga chapadera, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti coolant.Zoletsa kuzizira mu zoziziritsa kuziziritsazi zimakhala 30% ~ 50%, zomwe zimawongolera kuwira kwamadzimadzi.Pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwina kogwira ntchito, kutentha kovomerezeka kwa choziziritsira galimoto kumatha kufika 120 ℃, yomwe imaposa kuwira kwamadzi ndipo sikophweka kusuntha.
Injini imazindikiridwa ndi kufalikira kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.Chigawo cha kukakamizidwa kozizira kozizira ndi mpope wamadzi, womwe umayendetsedwa ndi lamba wa crankshaft, ndipo chopondera chamadzi chimayendetsa choziziritsa kukhosi kuti chizungulire mu dongosolo lonse.Kuziziritsa kwa injini ndi zoziziritsira izi ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse molingana ndi momwe injini imagwirira ntchito.Kutentha kwa injini kukakhala kotsika, choziziriracho chimazungulira pang'ono mkati mwa injiniyo.Kutentha kwa injini kukakwera, chozizirirapo chimayenda chachikulu pakati pa injini ndi radiator.Thermostat ndi gawo lowongolera kuti lizindikire kufalikira kosiyanasiyana kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.Thermostat kwenikweni ndi valavu.Mfundo yake ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zingathe kuwonjezereka ndi kugwirizanitsa ndi kutentha, monga parafini kapena ether, monga valve yosinthira.Madzi akatentha kwambiri, zinthuzo zimakula, zimatsegula valavu, ndipo choziziritsa chimayenda kwambiri.Madzi akatentha, zinthuzo zimachepa, zimatseka valavu, ndipo choziziritsa chimayenda pang'ono.
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kuzizira kwa radiator, chowotcha chimayikidwa kumbuyo kwa radiator kuti chikhale chopumira.M'mbuyomu, zimakupiza radiator wa galimotoyo ankayendetsedwa mwachindunji ndi lamba crankshaft.Pamene injini inayambika, inkayenera kutembenuka.Sizingasinthe malinga ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa injini.Kuti musinthe mphamvu yoziziritsa ya radiator, zenera lamasamba zana losunthika liyenera kuyikidwa pa radiator kuti liwongolere kulowa kwa mphamvu yamphepo.Magalimoto amakono amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri fan electromagnetic clutch kapena fan electronic.Pamene kutentha kwa madzi kuli kochepa, clutch imasiyanitsidwa ndi shaft yozungulira ndipo fani sichisuntha.Pamene kutentha kwa madzi kuli kwakukulu, mphamvu imagwirizanitsidwa ndi sensa ya kutentha kuti igwirizane ndi clutch ndi shaft yozungulira ndipo fan imazungulira.Mofananamo, fani yamagetsi imayendetsedwa mwachindunji ndi galimoto, ndipo galimotoyo imayendetsedwa ndi sensa ya kutentha.Kugwira ntchito kwa mitundu iwiriyi ya mafani a radiator kwenikweni kumayendetsedwa ndi masensa a kutentha.
Radiator imagwiritsidwanso ntchito posungira madzi ndi kutaya kutentha.Ngati mumangodalira radiator, pali zovuta zitatu: choyamba, mbali yoyamwa ya mpope yamadzi ndiyosavuta kuwira chifukwa cha kupanikizika kochepa, ndipo choyikapo ndichosavuta ku cavitation;Chachiwiri, kulekanitsa kwamadzi kwa gasi kosavuta ndikosavuta kuyambitsa kukana kwa gasi;Chachitatu, choziziritsa kukhosi ndi chosavuta kuwira ndi kuthawa pa kutentha kwakukulu.Choncho, mlengiyo anawonjezera thanki yokulirapo, ndipo mapaipi ake apamwamba ndi apansi amalumikizidwa ndi gawo lapamwamba la radiator ndi polowera madzi a mpope kuti apewe mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa.
Tsopano makina oziziritsa a galimoto ndi ovuta kwambiri kuposa kale, makamaka powonjezera zinthu zowongolera kutentha.Chowotcha cha radiator "chitha kuzolowera kusintha kwa kutentha kwa injini", ndipo makina ozizirira nthawi zambiri amatenga zoziziritsa kukhosi.Inde, kutentha kwa injini ndi mphamvu yopangidwa ndi mafuta.Kuziziziritsa kwenikweni ndi kutaya kofunika.Chifukwa chake, anthu akuphunzira injini yotchinjiriza yopangidwa ndi zida za ceramic popanda kuziziritsa.Zikadzadziwika m'tsogolomu, injiniyo idzakhala yaing'ono komanso yosavuta.